Johann Sebastian Bach is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Western classical music. Born in 1685 in Eisenach, Germany, Bach came from a family of musicians and spent his entire life working in the field of music. He is most known for his compositions for the organ, including his collection of works known as "The Well-Tempered Clavier," but his oeuvre also includes cantatas, orchestral works, and chamber music. Bach's musical training began at an early age. His father, Johann Ambrosius Bach, was a musician who taught his children to play various instruments. Bach's talent was evident from an early age, and he quickly became a skilled keyboard player. After his parents died when he was only 10 years old, Bach went to live with his brother in Ohrdruf, where he continued his musical education. He later attended school in Lüneburg, where he sang in the choir and learned to play the organ.

Bach's career as a musician began in earnest when he was appointed as court musician in Weimar in 1708. There, he composed music for the court and began to establish himself as a virtuoso organist. In 1714, he took up a position as court organist in Köthen, where he composed many of his best-known instrumental works, including the Brandenburg Concertos and the Goldberg Variations. In 1723, Bach moved to Leipzig to take up the position of music director at the St. Thomas Church. It was here that he composed the majority of his cantatas, including the famous St. Matthew Passion and the St. John Passion. During his time in Leipzig, Bach was also responsible for teaching music at the city's school and for directing the Collegium Musicum, a society of amateur musicians.

Bach's music is known for its complexity, its intricate counterpoint, and its emotional depth. His works often contain multiple layers of melody and harmony, which create a rich and complex musical texture. His music was highly influential in his own time, and many of his contemporaries regarded him as the greatest composer of their age. Today, Bach's music continues to be revered by musicians and music lovers around the world. In addition to his music, Bach was also known for his skill as an organ builder. He built and repaired organs throughout his career, and his knowledge of the instrument is evident in his compositions for the instrument. He was also a devout Lutheran and often incorporated religious themes into his music, using music as a means of expressing his faith.

Johann Sebastian Bach died in 1750, leaving behind a legacy that has endured for centuries. His music continues to be performed and studied by musicians around the world, and his influence can be seen in the works of countless composers who came after him. His contribution to Western classical music is immeasurable, and his status as one of the greatest composers of all time is secure.