GERMAN WINE


OVERVIEW

 

  • A traditional wine-producing country
  • System of classification
  • Popular grape varieties in Germany
  • The 13 wine regions
  • Wine festivals

 

A TRADITIONAL WINE-PRODUCING COUNTRY

 

Germany is one of the world's most respected wine-producing countries and German wine is known for its high quality, distinctiveness, and diversity.  The country is located in a cool climate zone, which means that the grapes grown there are able to retain a high level of acidity, resulting in wines with a crisp, refreshing character. The most commonly planted grape varieties in Germany are Riesling, Müller-Thurgau, and Spätburgunder (Pinot Noir). Riesling is considered by many to be Germany's signature grape, and it is grown in almost every wine region in the country. The grape is known for producing wines that are high in acidity and have a distinctive floral and fruity aroma. Germany is divided into 13 wine regions. 

 

Wine festivals are an important part of German culture, and they are celebrated throughout the country during the summer and fall months. Some of the most famous wine festivals include the Würzburg Wine Festival and the Stuttgart Wine Village.

 

 

SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION

 

German wine quality is regulated by a strict system of classification. The highest quality level is known as "Prädikatswein", which includes wines that are made from fully ripe grapes and have a natural sweetness. These wines are further classified into six categories based on the level of sweetness: Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Eiswein, and Trockenbeerenauslese.

 

POPULAR GRAPE VARIETIES IN GERMANY

SILVANER

Silvaner is a white wine grape variety that is known for producing crisp and refreshing wines. It is believed to have originated in the region of Transylvania, which is now part of modern-day Romania. However, Silvaner gained prominence and found its true home in the Franconia region of Germany. Silvaner is known for its versatility and ability to express the characteristics of its terroir. It can produce a range of wine styles, from dry to off-dry, and even late harvest and dessert wines. Silvaner wines are typically light to medium-bodied with moderate acidity. In terms of flavor profile, Silvaner wines often exhibit delicate aromas of white flowers, fresh herbs, and ripe fruits such as pear and apple. Silvaner wines are known for their balanced and harmonious nature, making them a popular choice for pairing with a wide variety of dishes. Silvaner has found success not only in Germany but also in other wine regions around the world, including Alsace in France, Austria, and even parts of the New World such as the United States and Australia. However, it remains most closely associated with the Franconia region in Germany, where it is often considered a signature grape variety.

 

RIESLING

Riesling is a white wine grape variety that is revered for its exceptional quality, versatility, and age-worthy nature. It is considered one of the noblest grape varieties in the world and has gained a prestigious reputation among wine experts. Riesling is believed to have originated in the Rhine region of Germany, where it has been cultivated for centuries. However, it has also found success in other cool-climate wine regions around the world, including Alsace in France, Austria, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. One of the defining characteristics of Riesling is its ability to express the nuances of its terroir. It can produce a wide range of wine styles, from bone-dry to lusciously sweet, depending on the region and winemaking techniques employed. Riesling wines are known for their aromatic intensity, vibrant acidity, and complex flavors. In terms of aroma, Riesling wines often display fragrant notes of citrus fruits such as lemon and lime, along with delicate floral undertones. 

 

BACCHUS

Bacchus is a white wine grape variety that has gained recognition for its aromatic and expressive qualities. It was created in the 1930s by German viticulturist Peter Morio, who crossed Müller-Thurgau, Silvaner, and Riesling grapes to develop this unique hybrid.

Bacchus is primarily grown in Germany and has become particularly associated with the Franconian, Rheinhessen, Mosel, and Pfalz regions. It has also gained popularity in other cool-climate wine regions, including England, where it thrives due to its ability to ripen early and withstand cooler temperatures. One of the key characteristics of Bacchus wines is their intense and distinctive aroma. They often exhibit notes of elderflower, gooseberry, and tropical fruits, such as passion fruit and pineapple. In terms of taste, Bacchus wines are typically dry or off-dry, with crisp acidity and a medium body. They are known for their refreshing nature and can display flavors of citrus, green apple, and white peach. The wine's acidity adds a lively and zesty character, making it a delightful choice for those seeking a vibrant and fruit-forward white wine.

If you have the opportunity to explore Bacchus wines, I encourage you to do so. They offer a delightful sensory experience, combining aromatic complexity, vibrant flavors, and a refreshing character that sets them apart. 

 

MÜLLER-THURGAU

Müller-Thurgau is a white wine grape variety that was created in the late 19th century by Swiss botanist Hermann Müller. It is particularly popular in Germany, where it is the second most widely planted grape variety after Riesling. Müller-Thurgau is also widely grown in various wine regions around the world, including Austria, Switzerland, and parts of the New World. One of the key features of Müller-Thurgau wines is their approachable and easy-drinking nature. They are typically light to medium-bodied, with moderate acidity and a delicate flavor profile. Müller-Thurgau wines often exhibit floral aromas, such as elderflower and honeysuckle, along with fruity notes of citrus, peach, and melon. It is commonly served as an aperitif or paired with light and fresh dishes, such as seafood, salads, and vegetarian cuisine. Its gentle flavors and balanced acidity make it an excellent choice for those seeking a pleasant and uncomplicated wine experience.

 

KERNER

The Kerner grape is a white wine grape variety that originated in Germany. Kerner grapes are known for their high acidity, which contributes to the crispness and freshness of the resulting wines. The wines produced from Kerner grapes are typically light to medium-bodied with floral and citrus aromas. They often exhibit flavors of green apple, lime, and sometimes even a hint of tropical fruits. The high acidity of Kerner wines gives them a refreshing and zesty character. While Kerner is most commonly associated with Germany, it has also found success in other wine-producing regions around the world, such as Austria and Italy.

 

DORNFELDER

Dornfelder is a red wine grape variety that has gained popularity for its deep color, rich flavors, and versatility. It is one of the most widely planted red grape varieties in Germany and is known for producing robust and fruit-forward red wines. Dornfelder was created in the 1950s by German viticulturist August Herold. One of the defining characteristics of Dornfelder is its deep, almost opaque, red color. The wines derived from Dornfelder grapes often have a rich and intense hue, ranging from ruby red to dark purple. This vibrant color is a visual indicator of the wine's potential for concentration and depth of flavor. Dornfelder wines are known for their bold fruit flavors. They typically exhibit notes of ripe blackberries, cherries, and plums, along with hints of spice and sometimes a touch of dark chocolate. 

 

SPÄTBURGUNDER (PINOT NOIR)

Spätburgunder, also known as Pinot Noir, is a renowned red wine variety originating from Germany. It is highly regarded for its elegance and complexity. With its thin skin and delicate nature, the Spätburgunder grape requires careful cultivation and is often considered a challenging grape to grow. The wine produced from Spätburgunder grapes exhibits a range of flavors and aromas. It is known for its red fruit character, including notes of cherry, raspberry, and strawberry. Spätburgunder is not only celebrated in Germany but also has gained international recognition. 

 

DOMINA

Domina is a red wine grape variety that originates from Germany. It is a crossing between the Portugieser and Spätburgunder (Pinot Noir) grape varieties, created by German viticulturist Peter Morio in 1927. The name "Domina" is derived from the Latin word for "master" or "dominant," reflecting the grape's strong and assertive characteristics. Domina grapes are known for their thick skins, which contribute to their deep red color and high tannin content. The wine produced from Domina grapes is typically medium to full-bodied with intense flavors and aromas. It often exhibits notes of dark berries, cherries, plums, and spices. One of the advantages of Domina is its adaptability to various terroirs and climates. It thrives in the cool climate of Germany, particularly in the regions of Franken and Rheinhessen, where it is widely grown. Domina is also cultivated in other wine-producing countries such as Austria, the Czech Republic, and the UK.

 

SCHWARZRIESLING (PINOT MEUNIER)

Schwarzriesling, also known as "Pinot Meunier," is another red grape variety primarily grown in Germany. Despite its name, Schwarzriesling is not related to Riesling at all. Instead, it is a mutation of Pinot Noir, another popular grape variety. Schwarzriesling grapes have thin skins and relatively low tannin content, which contributes to their smooth and approachable character. Wines produced from Schwarzriesling are typically light to medium-bodied, exhibiting a pale red color. They are known for their fruity aromas, often showcasing notes of red berries, cherries, and occasionally floral hints.

 

THE 13 WINE REGIONS

From the banks of the Rhine River to the valleys of Mosel and Nahe, Germany's wine-growing regions are among the most beautiful in the world. With 13 officially recognized wine regions, each with its unique terroir and grape varieties, Germany offers a diverse range of high-quality wines that cater to different tastes and preferences. Germany's 13 wine regions offer a diverse range of high-quality wines that cater to different tastes and preferences. In this section, we will explore each of the 13 wine regions.

 

AHR
 
Located in the north of the Rhineland-Palatinate, the Ahr region is one of Germany's smallest wine regions, but it is renowned for its Pinot Noir wines. The region's steep, terraced vineyards are situated on the banks of the Ahr River, and the slate soil, combined with the cool climate, gives the Pinot Noir grapes a unique flavor profile.
BADEN
 

Stretching from the Rhine River to the foothills of the Black Forest, the Baden wine region is Germany's third-largest wine region. The warm climate and fertile soil make it an ideal location for growing red and white grape varieties. The region produces a diverse range of wines, from light, fruity whites to rich, full-bodied reds.

FRANCONIA
 

Franconia, located in the northern part of Bavaria, is renowned for its dry white wines made from the Silvaner grape variety. The region's vineyards are situated on steep slopes along the River Main, and the terroir, combined with the traditional winemaking techniques, gives the wines a distinct mineral taste.

HESSISCHE BERGSTRAßE
 

Located in the south of Hesse, the Hessische Bergstraße wine region is situated on the eastern slope of the Rhine River valley. The region's warm, sunny climate is ideal for growing the Riesling grape variety, which is known for its floral aroma and crisp acidity.

MITTELRHEIN
 

The Mittelrhein wine region, located along the Rhine River between Koblenz and Bingen, is renowned for its steep, terraced vineyards and spectacular views. The region produces a diverse range of wines, from light, fruity whites to full-bodied reds, and the Riesling grape variety is the most widely planted.

MOSEL
 

The Mosel wine region, located along the Mosel River valley, is renowned for its Riesling wines. The region's steep, slate slopes and cool climate give the Riesling grapes a unique flavor profile, with a combination of fruitiness and minerality.

NAHE REGION
 

The Nahe wine region, located near the border with France, is renowned for its Riesling wines, as well as its Pinot Noir and Pinot Blanc wines. The region's diverse terroir, which includes volcanic and slate soils, gives the wines a unique flavor profile.

PALATINATE
 

The Palatinate wine region, located in the Rhineland-Palatinate, is Germany's second-largest wine region. The region produces a diverse range of wines, from dry whites to full-bodied reds, and the Riesling grape variety is the most widely planted.

RHEINGAU
 

The Rheingau wine region, located along the Rhine River, is renowned for its Riesling wines. The region's south-facing vineyards and mineral-rich soil give the Riesling grapes a unique flavor profile, with a combination of fruitiness and minerality.

RHEINHESSEN
 

The Rheinhessen wine region, located in the Rhineland-Palatinate, is Germany's largest wine region. The region produces a diverse range of wines, from dry whites to full-bodied reds, and the Riesling grape variety is the most widely planted.

 

SAALE-UNSTRUT
 

The Saale-Unstrut wine region, located in the eastern part of Germany, is one of the smallest wine regions in the country. The region is renowned for its dry white wines, made from the Müller-Thurgau and Silvaner grape varieties. The region's steep slopes, combined with the cool climate, give the wines a distinct mineral taste.

SAXONY
 

The Saxony wine region, located in the eastern part of Germany, is one of the country's oldest wine regions. The region is renowned for its dry white wines, made from the Müller-Thurgau and Riesling grape varieties. The region's steep slopes, combined with the cool climate, give the wines a distinct acidity and mineral taste.

WÜRTTEMBERG
 

The Württemberg wine region, located in the southwest of Germany, is known for its red wines, particularly those made from the Lemberger and Trollinger grape varieties. The region's warm, sunny climate, combined with the steep slopes and rocky soil, give the red wines a unique flavor profile.

WINE FESTIVALS

Germany is a country known for its world-class wines, and wine festivals are an excellent way to experience the rich and diverse wine culture that exists throughout the country. From the large-scale festivals that attract tens of thousands of visitors to the smaller, more intimate gatherings, there is a wine festival in Germany to suit every taste.

 

One of the most popular wine festivals in Germany is the Bad Dürkheim Wurstmarkt, which takes place in the Palatinate wine region. This festival has been celebrated for over 600 years and is the largest wine festival in the world. Visitors can enjoy traditional German food and wine, as well as rides and carnival games.

 

Another popular wine festival is the Berlin Wine Festival, which takes place in August and features over 300 wines from all over Germany. The festival also features live music, food, and a variety of other cultural activities.

 

The Rheingau Wine Festival in Wiesbaden is another must-visit event for wine enthusiasts. The festival takes place in August and features over 100 wineries from the Rheingau region, as well as live music and traditional German food.

 

The Mosel Wine Week is another popular wine festival that takes place in Bernkastel-Kues. This festival takes place in July and features wine tastings, live music, and fireworks displays.

 

The Franconian Wine Festival in Würzburg is another excellent event for wine lovers. This festival takes place in August and features over 120 wineries from the Franconia region. Visitors can enjoy traditional Franconian food and wine, as well as live music and other cultural activities.

 

Among the many wine festivals that take place in Germany, Volkach Wine Festival is one of the most popular, attracting thousands of visitors each year. Volkach is a charming town located in the Franconia wine region of Germany, known for its vineyards, wineries, and the annual Volkach Wine Festival. The festival takes place in late July and early August and attracts wine lovers from all over the world. It's a celebration of the town's wine-making tradition and a chance to taste some of the best wines produced in the region. Throughout the festival, visitors can enjoy wine tastings, traditional German food, music, and dancing. There are also tours of the local vineyards and wineries, where visitors can learn about the wine-making process and sample some of the best wines produced in the region.

 

Finally, the Stuttgart Wine Festival is another popular event that takes place in the Baden-Württemberg region. This festival features over 500 wines from the region, as well as traditional German food, carnival rides, and live music.